opencoreC/kernel/src/main.rs

#![no_std]
#![no_main]

pub mod limine_requests;
pub mod drivers;
pub mod arch;
pub mod mm;
pub mod ipc;
pub mod sched;
pub mod loader;

use core::panic::PanicInfo;
use limine_requests::*;
use sched::SCHEDULER;

// Include assembly trampolines directly into the binary
core::arch::global_asm!(include_str!("../asm/context.S"));
core::arch::global_asm!(include_str!("../asm/syscall_entry.S"));
core::arch::global_asm!(include_str!("../asm/ring3_enter.S"));
core::arch::global_asm!(include_str!("../asm/timer_isr.S"));
core::arch::global_asm!(include_str!("../asm/keyboard_isr.S"));

#[no_mangle]
pub extern "C" fn _start() -> ! {
    // 1. Early Serial Initialization
    drivers::serial::SerialPort::init();

    kprintln!("\n=======================================================");
    kprintln!("        opencoreC Microkernel v0.1.0 (x86_64)");
    kprintln!("=======================================================");

    // 2. Validate Limine Base Revision
    unsafe {
        if limine_base_revision[2] != 0 {
            kprintln!("[WARN] Limine Base Revision 3 not supported by bootloader.");
        }
    }

    // 3. Obtain Limine responses
    let hhdm_offset = get_hhdm_offset().expect("Limine HHDM response missing");
    let memmap_resp = unsafe { MEMMAP_REQUEST.response };
    let kernel_addr_resp = unsafe { KERNEL_ADDRESS_REQUEST.response };

    kprintln!("[BOOT] Limine HHDM Base Virtual Address: {:#018x}", hhdm_offset);
    if !kernel_addr_resp.is_null() {
        unsafe {
            kprintln!("[BOOT] Kernel Physical Base: {:#018x}, Virtual Base: {:#018x}",
                (*kernel_addr_resp).physical_base,
                (*kernel_addr_resp).virtual_base
            );
        }
    }
    unsafe {
        kprintln!("[DBG] MEMMAP resp ptr: {:#018x}", MEMMAP_REQUEST.response as u64);
        kprintln!("[DBG] MODULE  resp ptr: {:#018x}", MODULE_REQUEST.response as u64);
        kprintln!("[DBG] SMP     resp ptr: {:#018x}", SMP_REQUEST.response as u64);
    }

    // 4. Initialize Architecture (GDT, IDT, Syscall MSRs, SMP)
    kprintln!("[BOOT] Initializing GDT, IDT, Fast-Path Syscall MSRs & SMP...");
    unsafe {
        arch::init();
    }
    kprintln!("[BOOT] CPU Subsystem Configured.");

    // 5. Initialize Memory Subsystem (Physical Frame Allocator + Virtual Memory Manager)
    kprintln!("[BOOT] Initializing Physical Frame Allocator & Paging...");
    unsafe {
        mm::init(memmap_resp);
    }

    // 6. Initialize Preemptive Hardware Timer (PIT 8254 @ 100 Hz)
    kprintln!("[BOOT] Configuring PIT 8254 timer for Preemptive Multi-Tasking...");
    unsafe {
        drivers::timer::init(100);
        drivers::keyboard::init();
    }

    // 7. Initialize IPC & Capability System
    ipc::init();

    // 8. Initialize Scheduler
    sched::init();

    // 9. Bring up SMP Cores (APs)
    unsafe {
        arch::smp::boot_aps();
    }

    // 10. Inspect and Load Initial Userspace Processes
    unsafe {
        let mod_resp = MODULE_REQUEST.response;
        if !mod_resp.is_null() && (*mod_resp).module_count > 0 {
            let count = (*mod_resp).module_count;
            kprintln!("[BOOT] Detected {} userspace boot modules. Creating tasks...", count);

            let sched_ptr = core::ptr::addr_of_mut!(SCHEDULER);

            for i in 0..count {
                let mod_file = *(*mod_resp).modules.add(i as usize);
                let elf_slice = core::slice::from_raw_parts((*mod_file).address, (*mod_file).size as usize);
                let name = match i {
                    0 => "init_server",
                    1 => "uart_driver",
                    2 => "sh",
                    _ => "user_server",
                };

                match loader::elf::load_elf(elf_slice, hhdm_offset) {
                    Ok(proc) => {
                        let tid = (*sched_ptr).create_user_thread(
                            name,
                            proc.entry_rip,
                            proc.user_rsp,
                            proc.pml4_paddr,
                            proc.kernel_stack_top,
                        );
                        kprintln!("[BOOT] Registered Preemptible Thread '{}' with TID {:?}", name, tid);
                    }
                    Err(err) => {
                        kprintln!("[ERROR] Failed to load module [{}]: {}", i, err);
                    }
                }
            }

            kprintln!("[BOOT] Enabling Interrupts & Starting Preemptive Scheduler...");
            kprintln!("-------------------------------------------------------");

            // Pick first ready thread and switch to it with interrupts enabled
            (*sched_ptr).schedule();
        } else {
            kprintln!("[BOOT] No userspace modules detected. Staying in Ring 0 idle loop.");
        }
    }

    // Idle loop: wait for interrupts and let threads execute
    loop {
        unsafe {
            core::arch::asm!("sti; hlt");
        }
    }
}

#[panic_handler]
fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
    kprintln!("\n!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!");
    kprintln!("                 KERNEL PANIC DETECTED                 ");
    kprintln!("!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!");
    if let Some(location) = info.location() {
        kprintln!("Location: {}:{}:{}", location.file(), location.line(), location.column());
    }
    kprintln!("Message:  {}", info.message());
    kprintln!("Halting CPU core.");

    loop {
        unsafe {
            core::arch::asm!("cli; hlt");
        }
    }
}